A Review: Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of sulphonamido cinnoline

Anurag Singh*, Dr. Ameeta Argal¹, Dr. P.K Mohanty². Kehar Singh Dhaker, Mahadev Kanere
*Research scholar school of Pharmacy, LNCT University, Bhopal, M.P, India
¹Director TIT college of pharmacy Bhopal, M.P, India
²Director school of Pharmacy LNCT University, Bhopal, M.P, India

A B S T R A C T
New drug synthesis not only done loping new chemical entities but also important for therapeutic need. They consist of the essential structural backbone of various pharmaceutical .Cinnoline  molecules are very important aromatic  heterocyclic compound that have been found to exhibit varied biological activity depending on the nature and position of diversity element .The antimicrobial agents available now have various drawbacks such as toxicity, drug resistance to microbes, and narrow spectrum of activity. Hence the design of new compounds to deal with the above problems has become one of the most challenging targets in antibacterial and antifungal research today. Hetero cyclic chemistry is the most challenging and a handsomely rewarding field of study, since it always attracts the attention of scientists working not only in the area of natural products but also in synthetic organic chemistry. Cinnoline is an aromatic heterocyclic compound with the formula C8H6N2 and can also be called as benzo derivative of pyridazine1. It is isomeric with phthalazine. Recent studies have shown that cinnoline and their derivatives exhibit various biological activity2 such as antihypertensive3, antithrombocytic4, antitumour5, anti-inflammatory6, anticancer7 and bactericidal activity. Heterocycles play an important role in biology and are an important constituent of various biomolecules like DNA, RNA, vitamins and amino acids. The well known biological importance of sulphonamide derivatives as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-malarial, and anti-tubercular agents prompted us to introduce a sulphonamido group into the cinnoline ring hoping to get compound to enhance potency and synergistic effect8. Although sulphonamides have provided medicinal science with some of the most potent weapons for the effective conquest of many diseases of bacterial origin, there is still a long list of bacterial infections uninfluenced by the newer chemotherapeutic agents. Among them, leprosy and tuberculosis continue to constitute new challenges in chemotherapy. The present study focuses on an exploratory investigation in cinnolines by synthesizing novel sulphonamido cinnoline. This review analyses the principal approaches to the synthesis of the cinnoline nucleus, used as synthetic precursors of arenediazonium salts, The mechanisms of the transformations and the possibilities and limitations of the various methods are discussed. Special attention is paid to methods based on the cyclization of derivatives of arenediazonium salts, which have been developed substantially in recent years.
Keywords: Von Richter’s synthesis, Busch and klett’s synthesis, Antifungal, Antibacterial