Hydrochemistry and Quality Assessment of Ground water in Mann River Basin, Maharashtra, India

ABOUT AUTHOR
¹Deepak. M. Nagrik*, ²Shrikant S. Patil
¹Department of Chemistry, G.S. Scinece, Arts and Commerece College, Khamgaon, Buldana, M.S., India-444303
²Department of Chemistry,B.B. Arts,N.B. Commerce and B.P. Science College, Digras, Yavatmal, M.S., India-445203

Abstract
As the environmental problems are getting more serious day by day in different parts of the world, now a days, the problems of water quality have become more serious than the quantity. Many factors like soil, sewage disposal, effluents, geology and other environmental conditions in which the water tends to stay or move and interact with ground and biological characteristics greatly affects the groundwater quality of an area. The Mann river falls in Buldana and Akola district of Maharashtra, India. The study area falls under the tropical climate. It has high temperature in summer and very cold in winter. The mean annual rainfall is 625 mm. The major sources of water supply in the study area for drinking and industrial uses are surface water bodies and groundwater. In present situation, groundwater (wells and hand pumps) is the major source of irrigation. In present study, assessment of groundwater quality and hydro chemical evolution of groundwater has been taken into consideration. Hydrochemistry has been studied based on concentrations of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^–, SO₄^2-, CO₃^2- and HCO₃^–. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), percent sodium (% Na), Permeability Index (PI), pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH) and trilinear diagrams have been studied. SAR value ranges from 6.78 mg/L – 30.32 mg/L. Percent sodium value ranges from 67.76 – 96.88%. Permeability Index ranges from 31.46 – 98.78%. pH values ranges from 7.67 – 8.73. The value of hardness ranges from 84 – 1113. Na and PI results indicate that the groundwater in the basin is suitable for irrigation use. Therefore, the present study concludes that the groundwater in the basin is of moderate to good quality and is suitable for uses.
Key words: Hydrochemistry, Groundwater, Sodium Adsorbtion Ratio (SAR), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Permeability Index (PI)