Comparative Study of Azadirachta Indica Leaves in Two States by Its Antimicrobial Investigation

Rupali S Gawande¹, Srilekha Kancharla², Devanaka Kavya³, Gorremuchu Srikanth⁴, Parag Kale^5
1,5Assistant Professor,Department of Pharmacognosy,Sree Dattha Institute of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Telangana-501510
^2,3,4Sree Dattha Institute of Pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Telangana-501510

A B S T R A C T
In India, Neem i.e. Azadirachta indica, the tree is variously known as “Heal All”, “Village Pharmacy” , which is used as anthelmintic, antiseptic, antifungal, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, contraceptive, sedative, mosquito repellent, anti-desertification properties and good carbon dioxide sink. The present study was emphasized to investigate antimicrobial activity of Neem leaf extracts obtained from Maharashtra and Telangana. The Neem leaf extracts were evaluated for the antibacterial activity and antifungal activity by agar plate disc-diffusion assay against bacterial stain Escherichia coli (Gram negative­) MTCC – 443 and fungal stain Aspergillus Niger (Fungus) MTCC – 282. All the compounds were dissolved in dimethyl form amide (DMF). Methanol was used as drug controls. Compound was taken at concentration of 100 µg/ml for testing activity. The concentrations of standard drugs i.e. Ciprofloxacin and Nystatin were 0.1 mg/ml, tested to find out the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).  The compound diffused into the medium produced a concentration gradient. The incubation period were 48 hours for bacteria and 7-days for fungus, the diameter of zone was measured and recorded in mm. The measurements were taken with a ruler, from the bottom of the plate, without opening the lid. After the incubation period, the zones of inhibition were measured in mm. The results of the anti microbial activity studies suggest that the  neem extracts from Maharashtra have potent antibacterial and Telangana  have potent antifungal activity. Neem leaves extracts were found to have potent antibacterial activity and antifungal activity. A  broad spectrum  of  antimicrobial  activity  of neem leaf is  increased  by  increasing  the  quantity  of  the compound, which can be used as an alternative for antibiotics.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Azadirachta Indica.