Review Article on Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Meejuri Pallavi¹, Raju Divya Sri¹, Yekollu Niharika Reddy¹, Potluri Vasanthi¹, SK. Meharunnisa², Dr. Y. Prapurna Chandra³
¹Vth year PharmD student, Ratnam Institute of Pharmacy, Pidathapour, Nellore
²Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Ratnam Institute of Pharmacy, Pidathapour, Nellore
³Principal, Department of Phamacology, Ratnam Institute of Phamacy, Pidathapour, Nellore

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30904/j.ijmpr.2024.4631
Int. J. Med. Pharm. Res., 2024, 12(1): 05-11

A B S T R A C T
Community- acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a constantly being acute illness that necessitates sanitarium admission and contributes significantly to patient morbidity and healthcare cost. It remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting roughly 5.6 million cases annually in the USA. The primary infections responsible with CAP are Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, influenza A, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and age are the main threat factors, along with smoking and comorbidities. This review covers the pathogenesis, threat assessment, biomarkers, epidemiology, and treatment of community- acquired pneumonia (CAP). A number of comorbidities, similar as asthma, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary complaint (COPD), are threat factors for community- acquired pneumonia. The most common signs and symptoms are dyspnoea, cough, fever, and new focal signs. Results may be enhanced by the routine use of biomarkers to enhance threat assessment and customize treatment for specific cases. The opinion of CAP is grounded on clinical signs and the presence of a pulmonary insinuate visible on the radiograph. The British Thoracic Society(BTS) established the original inflexibility score Check (confusion, uraemia, respiratory rate, low blood pressure) to identify cases with CAP who may be campaigners for inpatients. Inpatient treatment Biomarkers, such as procalcitonin (PCT), can be used to guide management throughout hospital stay. Antibiotic regimen will vary depending on whether inpatient and outpatient management is needed.
Keywords: Community-acquired pneumonia, comorbidities, biomarkers, procalcitonin, check, antibiotic