K. Kavitha1, Asish Bhaumik*1, Md Salma Sultana2, M. Kavitha2, R. Kavitha2
1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Teja College of Pharmacy, Kodad, Nalgonda-508206, Telangana State, India.
2Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Teja College of Pharmacy, Kodad, Nalgonda-508206, Telangana State, India.
A B S T R A C T
Analgesia, loss of sensation of pain that results from an interruption in the nervous system pathway between sense organ and brain. Different forms of sensation (e.g., touch, temperature, and pain) stimulating an area of skin travels to the spinal cord by different nerve fibres in the same nerve bundle. Therefore, any injury or disease affecting the nerve would abolish all forms of sensation in the area supplied by it. When sensory nerves reach the spinal cord, however, their fibres separate and follow different courses to the brain. Thus, it is possible for certain forms of sensation to be lost, while others are preserved, in diseases that affect only certain areas of the spinal cord. Because pain and temperature sensations often travel the same path, both may be lost together. Diseases of the spinal cord that may cause analgesia without loss of the sensation of touch are tabes dorsalis, syringomyelia, and tumours of the cord. The term is also used for pain relief induced by the action of such medications as aspirin, codeine, and morphine. An analgesic or painkiller is any member of the group of drugs used to achieve analgesia, relief from pain. Analgesic drugs act in various ways on the peripheral and central nervous systems. They are distinct from anaesthetics, which temporarily affect, and in some instances completely eliminate, sensation. Analgesics include paracetamol, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as the salicylates, and opioid drugs such as morphine and oxycodone. The main aim and objective of my present research work was the preliminary phytochemical screening of various extracts of beet root (Beta vulgaris, EEBT, MEBT and CEBT) and evaluation of analgesic activity. The analgesic activity of various extracts EEBT, MEBT and CEBT of Beta vulgaris were evaluated by Tail-immersion method. The present experimental data displayed that all the extracts (EEBT and MEBT and CEBT) of Beta vulgaris executed very good analgesic activity at 200 mg/kg body weight. The highest analgesic activity was observed at 60 min for all the extracts (200 mg/kg). The percentage protection of EEBT and MEBT and CEBT and standard drug Pentazocine for analgesic activity were found to be 84.12%, 81.26%, 83.54%, 45.94% etc.
Keywords: Analgesia, anaesthetics, NSAIDs, oxycodone, Tail-immersion method