Sravani*1, P. Venkatesh2, Syed Muzakar3
1-3Department of Pharmacy, Jagans Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangala Kandriga, Nellore, A.P.
A B S T R A C T
Supercritical fluids (SCFs) are unconventional solvents exhibiting tunable physicochemical properties that make them highly interesting to perform both physical processing and chemical reactions. Most of the processes based on SCFs take advantage of the near-critical region where substances exhibit gas-like transport properties (viscosity, diffusivity), but they can assume densities from gas-like to liquid-like values depending on the pressure. Most of the investigations are performed using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) that cumu-lates tunability of thermodynamic and transport properties with favourable technoeconomical features such as wide availability and low cost, biocompatibility, and mild critical parameters. The conventional techniques used in the production of these drug carrier formulations have several drawbacks, including thermal and chemical stability of the APIs, excessive use of organic solvents, high residual solvent levels, difficult particle size control and distributions, drug loading-related challenges, and time and energy consumption.
Keywords: Supercritical fluids, thermodynamic, viscosity, diffusivity, chemical reactions.