Tuesday , 26 March 2024

Preliminary Phytochemical and Preclinical Toxicity Profile of Leonotis Nepetifolia

Musale Jayesh Vasudeo1, I. Sarath Chandiran*2, P.D. Chaudhari3
1Research Scholar, PRIST University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India.
2Professor, Ratnam Institute of Pharmacy, Pidathapolur, SPSR Nellore-524346, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3Principal, Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune.44, Maharashtra, India

A B S T R A C T
The present study was aimed to evaluate phytochemical constituents and the safety of ethanolic extract of whole plant of Leonotis nepetifolia (EELN) by determining their potential toxicity after acute and 28-day repeated dose administration in Wistar Albino rats. The phytochemical analysis was done by standard laboratory grade reagents. Acute and 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity studies were performed by the following Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guidelines 423 and 407 respectively. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroid, alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugar and tannins in ethanol soluble fractions. Fats and fixed oils were undetected in the extract. In acute toxicity study no treatment related death or toxic signs were observed with EELN administration. In repeated dose study no significant differences in body weight changes and hematology was observed between control and EELN groups. Controversially there was a slight  increase in the bodyweight, serum cholesterol and protein and slightly reduce the ALP, AST, ALT, LDH and bilirubin in treated rats compared to control. No gross pathological findings and difference in relative organ weights were observed between control and treated rats. Histopathological examination revealed no abnormalities with the test drug treatment. Acute toxicity study reveals that LD50 of Leonotis nepetifolia (LN) is greater than 2000mg/kg body weight (b. wt) in fasted female rats and can be classified under category 5. The 28- day repeated oral toxicity study justified that the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)   is greater than 800mg/kg/b.wt/day/P.O in rats .There were no delayed effects in LN Satellite group. In conclusion LN was found to be non-toxic in tested dose and experimental conditions.
Keywords: Leonotis nepetifolia, OECD, EELN, Satellite.

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