Current Complications on Diarrhoea-A Review

Varaganti Sai Chitra Prathyusha*, Ramesh Dhani
Ratnam Institute of Pharmacy, Pidathapolur, Muthukur, SPSR Nellore, A.P-524346.

A B S T R A C T
Diarrhoea is when you have frequent loose watery bowel motions.  In most cases, sysptoms resolve on their own within a couple of days without the need for medical treatment. Diarrhoea that lasts one (or) two days & goes away on its own is known as acute diarrhoea, which is a common condition that affects people of all ages  Diarrhoea lasting four weeks or more is known as chronic diarrhea &  can be symptom of an underlying chronic disease or condition.  Acute Diarrhoea : Acute diarrhoea is a common problem in children especially in poor & developing nations.  It is one of the leading cause of under –five years mortality globally. Objectives: Prescribing trend of ORS & Zinc in acute diarrhea in children aged 6months to 5years by healthcare providers. To assess proportion of patient education in acute diarrhea by health care providers. Conclusion:   There was gross under implementation of treatment guidelines in the management of acute diarrhoea by health care providers especially by general physicial. Chronic Diarrhoea: Chronic diarrhoea is a frequent clinical presentation in our population.  It may correspond to many gastrointestinal (or) Systemic pathologies.  Most frequent causes are irritable bowel syndrome, functional intestinal disorders (Or) lachose intolerance, but organic diseases have also to be searched. Recommended management strategy:-  In this the first goal should be categorize the diarrhea as being watery, inflammatory (Or) fatty.  The laboratory tests performed by internist were of some value in this regard.  The absence of fecal lenkocytes, fecal occact blood, blood & mucosal changes on sigmoidoscopy excluded chronic inflammatory diarrhoea from the differential diagnosis. additional preliminary studies needed included stool electrolytes to sort out secretary & osmotic forms or watery diarrhoea & measure of fecal fat excretion. Conclusion: Chronic diarrhoea is a challenging condition to evaluate & treat.  By approaching each case individually & selecting an appropriate management strategy a long differential diagnosis can be made more manageable & the appropriate treatment can be ordered.
Keywords: Chronic diarrhoea, prescribing trend, Acute diarrhea, ORS, prescribing trend zinc