A Review on Hypertension and Its Management in Health Care Practice

A. Bharath kumar¹*, TSM Saleem¹, C. Gopinath¹, Sk. Karimulla², Ramesh Dhani^3
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, Rajampet, A.P, India
²Department of Pharmacology, Dr. K.V. Subba Reddy Institute of Pharmacy, Kurnool, A. P, India
³Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ratnam Institute of Pharmacy, SPSR Nellore, A.P, India

A B S T R A C T
Hypertension is a Persistent elevation of blood pressure more than 140/90. Hypertension is an important cardiovascular diseases it affects the morbidity and mortality in society. By 2025, it is projected that 29% of the world’s population will have Hypertension. The treatment of hypertension significantly reduces the cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. The Elevated high blood pressure is a silent kill the person. Essential hypertension lacks identifiable causes. The secondary hypertension can occur a result of drugs or biologicals, disease states. The Hypertension can be caused by the abnormalities in the genetic factors, endocrine factors, renal system factors, high fatty levels in the body, high salt intake. The symptoms like headache, papiledema, palpitations, tachycardia, ache, weight gain, polyurea. The rennin angiotensin aldosterone system, Baro receptor pathway, chemoreceptor pathways regulates the hypertension pathways. The Stress, alcohol, Smoking, obesity is the Major Risk factors for the developing disease. The blood pressure was measured through Spigmomanometer. The diagnosis of the disease through Physical Examination, fundoscopic examination, cardio pulmonary examinations, peripheral examinations. The management of disease through Diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE Inhibitors, AT1-Antagonist, reserpine, central sympatholytics, vasodilators, labetalol  alpha blockers are used.
Keywords: Palpitations, Genetics, Treatment, Diseases, Baroreceptor ,Chemoreceptor.